Study topic
Mirror, signal, manoeuvre (MSM)
Mirror, Signal, Manoeuvre (MSM) is the core routine for safe driving. The theory test expects you to know the correct order and why you always check mirrors before you signal.
Key facts to remember
- ◆ Mirror: check your mirrors to know what is around and behind you.
- ◆ Signal: signal your intention clearly and in good time if it helps others.
- ◆ Manoeuvre: carry out the move only when it is safe to do so.
- ◆ The manoeuvre stage breaks down into Position, Speed, Look (PSL).
- ◆ Always check mirrors before signalling, not the other way round.
Use MSM before moving off, changing lane, turning, overtaking, slowing down or stopping. Mirrors alone may not show vehicles in your blind spot, so a shoulder check is often needed too.